Which is a primary criterion of decision-making capacity?

• A. Enjoyment of life.
• B. Understanding of information relevant to treatment.
• C. Financial resources.
• D. Age.

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is that decision-making capacity starts with understanding the information about treatment. If a person can grasp what the diagnosis means, what the proposed treatment involves, the potential benefits and risks, and the available alternatives, they have the foundation needed to weigh options and make a choice. Without this understanding, you can’t accurately assess capacity, because you cannot know how the person is evaluating risks, benefits, and consequences.

Capacity is also decision-specific and time-specific, and other elements—such as whether the person can appreciate how the information applies to their own situation, reason about options, and communicate a clear choice—build on that understanding. But understanding the information relevant to treatment is the prerequisite that makes any further assessment possible.

By contrast, enjoyment of life, financial resources, or age do not determine capacity. They influence decisions or contexts, but they aren’t cognitive prerequisites for deciding about treatment.